ESBL (Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases)

Issue: May 2024
Review: May 2026
Ref.: A-626/HD/Infection Control/Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL)

PDF Version: ESBL (Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases).pdf[pdf] 187KB

What is ESBL?

ESBL stands for Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamase. They are enzymes produced by some types of bacteria that destroy one or more antibiotics. The most common are E. coli and Klebsiella species, and they are usually found in the bowel. It is one of the ways bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics.

How did I get ESBL?

It is not always clear why a person has this type of bacteria, but it is often acquired in the community.

How is ESBL passed on?

ESBL usually lives in the bowel without causing infection. However, they can cause infection.

They can be transferred by:

  • Person to person via the hands

  • Touching equipment or surfaces contaminated by bodily fluids or faeces of a person carrying ESBL.

Who is at risk?

All patients are at risk, but some are more vulnerable than others. Patients who have had lots of antibiotics, open wounds, a urinary catheter, or drainage tubes are at higher risk of getting an ESBL.

How can we stop the spread?

  • The simplest most effective measure in preventing the spread is cleaning hands using water and soap or alcohol gel

  • Do not be afraid to ask staff whether they have washed their hands

  • We will ensure the appropriate prescribing of antibiotics when needed

  • A patient who experiences diarrhoea, should be nursed in a single room to reduce the spread of infection

  • Staff should wear an apron and sometimes gloves when in the room

  • The frequency of environmental cleaning will be increased

What can you do?

  • Wash your hands with water and soap after going to the toilet and before and after eating

  • Please tell a member of staff if you have diarrhoea so they can care for you appropriately

  • If you are being nursed in a single room it is important that you follow the instructions given

  • Ensure that antibiotics that are prescribed are taken

What does it mean for you and your family?

Visitors will normally be allowed but must follow any instructions given.

It should not be necessary for you to remain in hospital because of ESBL, but you may need to complete a course of antibiotics.

Contact details

Infection Prevention and Management Team

01752 432115

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